Who were the first Americans?

• Bones of Mammoths Seemingly Butchered by Humans Found in New Mexico -- Gizmodo (03 August 2022)
  
  
• Evidence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum -- Science (24 September 2021)
  
  
• VIKING WATERWAY -- Summary of Article by Karl Hoenke & Myron Paine [Ancient Emigrations To America](n.d.)
  
  
• Earliest definitive evidence of people in Americas -- BBCNews (23 September 2021)
  
  
• Ancient Footprints Push Back Date of Human Arrival in the Americas [ca., 23,000 BP] -- The New York Times (23 September 2021)
  
  
• New evidence supports idea that America's first civilization was made up of 'sophisticated' engineers -- PHYS.org (02 September 2021)
  
  
• Ancient DNA Reveals the Oldest Domesticated Dog in the Americas -- Smithsonian Magazine (23 February 2021)
  
  
• Tools made by some of North America's earliest inhabitants were made only during a 300-year period -- PhysOrg (23 October 2020)
  
  
• Controversial cave discoveries suggest humans reached Americas much earlier than thought -- Nature (22 July 2020)
  
  
• Humans may have arrived in North America much earlier than believed, new research says -- CNNworld (22 July 2020)
  
  
• Evidence of human occupation in Mexico around the Last Glacial Maximum -- Nature (22 July 2020)
  
  
• Archaeologists date earliest known occupation of North America -- Phys.Org (16 July 2020)
  
  
• Archaeologists have a lot of dates wrong for North American indigenous history – but new techniques are correcting it -- Phys.Org (29 April 2020)
  
  
• The Fertile Shore -- Smithsonian Magazine (January/February 2020)
  
  
• Ancient Skulls of Early Settlers in North America Baffle Scientists -- Newsweek (30 January 2020)
  
  
• First Face of America [Naia] (53:06 min.) [The remains of a 13,000-year-old skeleton of a prehistoric teenager [Naia] are located in an underwater cave in Mexico.] -- NOVA, (Premiered 07 February 2018)
  
  
  • Naia -- Wikipedia
    
    
• Team finds oldest weapons ever discovered in North America -- PhysOrg (24 October 2018)
  
  
• Dogs lived and died with humans 10,000 years ago in the Americas -- ScienceNews (16 April 2018)
  
  
• 11,500 Year-Old DNA from an Alaskan Child Offers New Clues about Native American Ancestry -- The Scout Report, 05 January 2018, Volume 24, Number 1.
  
  
  • "In 2010, a team of archaeologists exploring the Tanana River Valley in central Alaska discovered two infants that had been buried at the site over 11,000 years ago, including a six-week-old girl. The Tanana Athabaskans, who populate the valley today, named the girl Xach'itee'aanenh T'eede gaay, or "Sunrise Girl-Child." With permission from local native groups, a team of geneticists isolated and sequenced the DNA from the child. On Wednesday, the team published a report in Nature outlining what the DNA reveals about early human migration to the Americas. According to the team, the DNA reveals that Xach'itee'aanenh T'eede gaay is related to all living indigenous populations in the Americas. However, Xach'itee'aanenh T'eede gaay does not appear to belong to either of the two ancestral branches of Native Americans that scientists have previously identified: a northern branch and a southern branch. This finding supports a hypothesis known as the Beringian Standstill. According to this hypothesis, the ancestors of Native Americans became genetically distinct from other Asian populations between 36,000 and 25,000 years ago and migrated into Beringia, which includes modern-day Siberia, Alaska, and western Canada. Approximately 20,000 years ago, after a period of genetic isolation in Beringia, some Beringians began migrating south and formed the two aforementioned ancestral branches. As this new DNA suggests, however, other Ancient Beringians, like the family of Xach'itee'aanenh T'eede gaay, stayed behind." [MMB] "The first two links take readers to helpful summaries of this new research and its significance, courtesy of Carl Zimmer of The New York Times and Ed Yong of The Atlantic. Next, geneticist Jennifer Raff helps explains the significance of this new research at The Guardian. Those interested in reading the research paper in full may do so via the fourth link. Those interested in learning more about the Beringian Standstill hypothesis may want to check out the 2014 essay by scientist Scott Armstrong Elias, available via the fifth link. Finally, instructors may be interested in this collection of educational resources about the Bering Land Bridge, courtesy of the National Park Service."
    
    
• Alaskan infant's DNA tells story of 'first Americans' -- BBCNews (03 January 2018)
  
  
• In the Bones of a Buried Child, Signs of a Massive Human Migration to the Americas -- The New York Times (03 January 2018)
  
  
• Earliest Americans could not have arrived by dry land, study indicates -- The Guardian (20 August 2016)
  
  
• Plant and Animal DNA Suggests First Americans Took the Coastal Route -- Nature (10 August 2016)
  
  
• First Americans May Have Arrived by Coastal, Not Inland, Route -- National Geographic News (10 August 2016)
  
  
• Earliest Americans could not have arrived by dry land, study indicates -- Guardian (10 July 2016)
  
  
• When, How Did the First Americans Arrive? It’s Complicated -- National Geographic (09 June 2018)
  
  
• Anthropologist group suggests first humans to the Americas arrived via the kelp highway -- Phys.Org (03 November 2017)
  
  
• First Americans claim sparks controversy -- BBCNews (26 April 2017)
  
  
• Archaeological Find Puts Humans in North America 10,000 Years Earlier Than Thought -- Hakai Magazine (13 January 2017)
  
  
• Archaeologists have uncovered genetic evidence that rewrites a fundamental aspect of American history -- Business Insider (11 August 2016)
  
  
• Humans Didn’t Wait on Melting Ice to Settle the Americas -- Science (06 June 2016)
  
  
• Researchers follow the bison for clues to mystery of ancient America's settlement -- Guardian (06 June 2016)
  
  
• A Fiery World Aids the Peopling of America -- ScienceDaily (23 May 2016)
  
  
• DNA From 12,000-Year-Old Skeleton Helps Answer the Question: Who Were the First Americans?
  -- Smithsonian (15 May 2014)
  
  
• Mastodon meal scraps revise US prehistory -- BBC News (14 May 2016)
  
  
• Discovery Points to Earlier Arrival of First Americans -- National Geographic News (13 May 2016)
  
  
• Pre-Clovis occupation 14,550 years ago at the Page-Ladson site, Florida, and the peopling of the Americas -- Science Advances (13 May 2016)
  
  
• Ancient Stone Tools Are ‘Best’ Evidence Yet for Early Peopling of the Americas -- Science (12 May 2016)
  
  
• Team Studies Whether Americans Were Descendants of Original Modern Humans -- Phys.org (19 April 2016)
  
  
• Humans Spread Through South America Like an Invasive Species -- Science (06 April 2016)
  
  
• A long layover on the Bering land bridge -- EARTH (24 March 2016)
  
  
• Tribes’ Win in Fight for La Jolla Bones Clouds Hopes for DNA Studies -- New York Times (29 January 2016)
  
  
• Genetic Data Does Not Support Ancient Trans-Atlantic Migration, Professor Says -- Phys.org (15 January 2016)
  
  
• Oldest Stone Tools in the Americas Claimed in Chile -- Science (18 November 2015)
  
  
• New Archaeological Evidence for an Early Human Presence at Monte Verde, Chile -- PLoS ONE (18 November 2015)
  
  
• Ancient DNA from Alaskan babies provides clues to peopling of Americas -- Past Horizons (27 October 2015)
  
  
• Ancient Infants Buried Together in Alaska Suggest Long Journey to the Americas -- Science (26 October 2015)
  
  
• Data Analysis Yields Striking Maps of Human Expansion in North American Holocene -- Phys.org (16 September 2015)
  
  
• Fishing for the First Americans -- Science (08 September 2015)
  
  
• DNA uncovers mystery migration to the Americas -- BBC News (22 July 2015)
  
  
• 2 Gene Studies Suggest First Migrants To Americas A Complex Mix -- NPR (21 July 2015)
  
  
• Genetic studies link indigenous peoples in the Amazon and Australasia -- ScienceDaily (21 July 2015)
  
  
• One Migration From Siberia Peopled the Americas: Study -- Discovery News (21 July 2015)
  
  
• Genome analysis pins down arrival and spread of first Americans -- ScienceDaily (21 July 2015)
  
  
• Paleontologists Use Genomics to Delve Into the Lives of Ancient Humans -- Phys.org (07 July 2015)
  
  
• Review: 'First Peoples' Series Chronicles Origins And Spread Of Modern Humans -- Forbes (24 June 2015)
  
  
  • First Peoples: Americas-- PBS
  • First Peoples: Africa -- PBS
  • First Peoples: Asia -- PBS
  • First Peoples: Australia -- PBS
  • First Peoples: Europe-- PBS
    
  
  
• Could These Be the Oldest Human Footprints in North America? -- Scientific American (22 June 2015)
  
  
• Bone DNA Reveals Humanity’s Trek Into South America -- Nature (29 April 2015)
  
  
• Inconsistencies in peopling of North America ‘ice bridge’ theory revealed -- Past Horizons (28 April 2015)
  
  
• Alternate theory of inhabitation of North America disproven -- ScienceDaily (27 April 2015)
  
  
• Eastern Oregon Dig Uncovers Ancient Stone Tool -- ABC News (05 March 2015)
  
  
• Can You Dig It? More Evidence Suggests Humans from the Ice Age -- NPR (28 February 2015)
  
  
• 1st Americans Used Spear-Throwers to Hunt Large Animals -- LiveScience (28 January 2015)
  
  
• Excavation Suggests Human Presence at Old Vero Man Site in Florida -- Past Horizons (28 December 2014)
  
  
• Children’s Grave Offers Insight Into Earliest Americans -- National Geographic News (10 November 2014)
  
  
• Paisley Caves Added to U.S. List of Most Important Archaeological Sites -- Oregonian (05 October 2014)
  
  
• Ancient Oregon caves may upend understanding of humans in the Americas -- Courtney Sherwood, Reuters (03 October 2014)
  
  
• Seals Infected Early Americans with Tuberculosis -- Science (20 August 2014)
  
  
• Ancient Native Americans Ate Pachyderms; Site Challenges Theory of Where New World Culture Began -- National Geographic (14 July 2014)
  
  
• Real-Life Paleo Diet Included Spiral-Tusked Elephant Ancestor -- LiveScience (14 July 2014)
  
  
• Underwater Cave Full of Ancient Bones to Be Mapped in 3D -- LiveScience (20 June 2014)
  
  
• The First Americans -- Pacific Standard (12 June 2014)
  
  
• The First American Teenager, Millennia-Old and Underwater -- NPR (18 May 2014)
  
  
• Ancient Skeleton In Mexico Sheds Light On Americas Settlement -- NPR (16 May 2014)
  
  
• DNA links Palaeoamericans and modern Native Americans -- Past Horizons (16 May 2014)
  
  
• Watch: Bones From a Watery 'Black Hole' Confirm First American Origins -- Science (15 May 2014)
  
  
• Sunken body clue to American origins -- BBC News (15 May 2014)
  
  
• Most Complete Ice Age Skeleton Helps Solve Mystery of First Americans -- National Geographic News (15 May 2014)
  
  
• Bones in Submerged Cave May Be Earliest Native American -- Discovery News (15 May 2014)
  
  
  • Cave Dive Reveals Earliest American, Rare Creatures: Photos Discovery News -- Discovery News (15 May 2014)
  
  
• Naia Reborn: See the Surprising Face of a First American -- NBC News (14 May 2014)
  
  
• Linguistic Phylogenies Support Back-Migration from Beringia to Asia -- PLoS ONE (12 March 2014)
  
  
• On Way to New World, First Americans Made a 10,000-Year Pit Stop -- National Geographic News (27 February 2014)
  
  
• A History of the First Americans in 9½ Sites -- New Scientist (13 February 2014)
  
  
• Native Americans Descend From Ancient Montana Boy -- Science (12 February 2014)
  
  
• Ancient DNA Ties Native Americans From Two Continents To Clovis -- NPR (13 February 2014)
  
  
• Ancient American's genome mapped -- BBCNews (13 February 2014)
  
  
• Archaeologists Return to Controversial Vero Site in Florida -- Past Horizons (14 December 2013)
  
  
• Skeletal Remains of 24,000-Year-Old Boy Raise New Questions About First Americans -- ScienceDaily (20 November 2013)
  
  
• Ancient DNA from Siberian boy links Europe and America -- BBC News (20 November 2013)
  
  
• Were People Killing Giant Sloths in South America 30,000 Years Ago? -- National Geographic News (20 November 2013)
  
  
• Ancient, Modern DNA Tell Story of First Humans in the Americas -- ScienceDaily (18 November 2013)
  
  
• European Roots for Native Americans? -- TheScientist (29 October 2013)
  
  
• Ancient DNA Links Native Americans With Europe -- Michael Balter, Science, 25 October 2013: Vol. 342 no. 6157 pp. 409-410 DOI: 10.1126/science.342.6157.409
  
  
• Cave Art Depicting Early Americans’ Sex Lives Suggests People Inhabited Americas 18,000 Years Earlier Than Believed -- Fox News (14 October 2013)
  
  
• 12,000 Year Old Lineage of the First Settlers in the Americas -- Past Horizons (09 September 2013)
  
  
• Settlement patterns of early Californians -- Past Horizons (21 August 2013)
  
  
• Native Californians Followed the Greenery: Environment Shaped 12,000 Years of Ethnic and Linguistic Diversity -- ScienceDaily (19 August 2013)
  
  
• N. America's Oldest Known Petroglyphs Discovered In Nevada -- NPR (16 August 2013)
  
  
• Oldest North American Rock Art May Be 14,800 Years Old -- National Geographic News (15 August 2013)
  
  
• DNA Reveals Details of the Peopling of the Americas -- Science News (12 August 2013)
  
  
• Humans May Have Reached the Americas 22,000 Years Ago -- NewScientist (25 April 2013)
  
  
• Towards the Origin of America's First Settlers -- ScienceDaily (17 April 2013)
  
  
• Continent-Wide Decoupling of Y-Chromosomal Genetic Variation from Language and Geography in Native South Americans -- PLoS Genetics (11 April 2013)
  
  
• Disputed Finds Put Humans in South America 22,000 Years Ago -- Science News (13 March 2013)
  
  
• In Ancient Ore. Dump, Clues To The First Americans? -- NPR (13 July 2012)
  
  
• Paisley Caves yield 13,000-year old Western Stemmed points -- Past Horizons (13 July 2012)
  
  
• Oregon stone tools enliven 'earliest Americans' debate -- BBC News (13 July 2012)
  • Clovis Age Western Stemmed Projectile Points and Human Coprolites at the Paisley Caves -- Science (13 July 2012)
    
    
• Earliest Americans Arrived in Waves, DNA Study Finds -- New York Times (11 July 2012)
  
  
• Native American Populations Descend from Three Key Migrations, Scientists Say -- ScienceDaily (11 July 2012)
  
  
• How Did the First Americans Spread Across the Continent? -- ABC News (27 June 2012)
  
  
• Peopling the Planet -- Nature (02 May 2012)
  
  
• Ancient American Skeletons Safe From Reburial, But Only for the Moment -- Science (01 May 2012)
  
  
• Radical theory of first Americans places Stone Age Europeans in Delmarva 20,000 years ago -- Washington Post (29 February 2012)
  
  
• New Evidence Suggests Stone Age Hunters from Europe Discovered America -- Independent (28 February 2012)
  
  
• Radical theory of first Americans places Stone Age Europeans in Delmarva 20,000 years ago -- Brian Vastag, The Wasington Post (29 February 2012)
  
  
• Did Easter Islanders Mix It Up With South Americans? -- Science (06 February 2012)
  
  
• Tiny Mountainous Region in Siberia May Have Been Genetic Source of Earliest Native Americans -- ScienceDaily (26 January 2012)
  
  
• Northwest Natives Were Fishers, Not Hunter-Gatherers -- EurekAlert (09 November 2011)
  
  
• 9000 Year Old Tools Found in Baja California -- Past Horizons (25 October 2011)
  
  
• Old American Theory Is 'Speared' -- BBC News (20 October 2011)
  
  
• Photos: Speared Mastodon Bone Hints at Earlier Americans -- National Geographic News (21 October 2011)
  
  
• On the trail of North America’s 14,000 year old hunters -- Past Horizons (21 October 2011)
  
  
• Mastodons Were Hunted in North America 800 Years Earlier Than Thought -- Guardian (20 October 2011)
  
  
• What Slew An Ancient Mastodon? DNA Tells Tale -- NPR (20 October 2011)
  
  
• The Seaweed Trail: Peopling the Americas -- Past Horizons (12 October 2011)
  
  
• 'Oregon Archaeology' Digs Deep, Including the Human History -- EurekAlert (10 October 2011)
  
  
• On the trail of North America’s 14,000 year old hunters -- Past Horizons (21 October 2011)
  
  
• Knife Lake: Rewriting Prehistory -- Past Horizons (08 October 2011)
  
  
• Adovasio Continues Underwater Search for New Frontier -- EurekAlert (08 August 2011)
  
  
• Traditional Canoes Cross the Pacific -- DiscoveryNews (02 August 2011)
  
  
• Kon-Tiki Explorer Was Partly Right – Polynesians Had South American Roots -- Telegraph (18 June 2011)
  
  
• Stone Tools 'Demand New American Story' -- BBCNews (24 March 2011)
  
  
  • Texas Find Turns Back Clock On Settlers In America -- NPR (25 March 2011)
    • Hunting For Traces Of America's First Inhabitants-- NPR (25 March 2011)
      
      
  • Humans arrived in North America 2,500 years earlier than thought -- Guardian (24 March 2011)
    
    
• Pictures: Prehistoric American Skull Found in Sea Cave? -- National Geographic New (09 March 2011-02-25)
  
  
• Island Tool Finds Show Early Settlers' Diversity -- BBCNews (04 March 2011)
  
  
• This seafood buffet was held 11,000 years ago -- MSNBC (03 March 2011)
  
  
• Child's 11,500-Year-Old Remains Unearthed In Alaska -- NPR (2011-02-25)
  
  
• Ice Age Child Found in Prehistoric Alaskan Home -- National Geographic New (25 February 2011)
  
  
• Discovery of Oldest Northern North American Human Remains Provides New Insights Into Ice-Age Culture -- ScienceDaily (24 February 2011)

"Who was the Kennewick Man?"

 
reconstruction
by Jim Chatters and Thomas McClelland

Kennewick Man HomePage

top of page  A-Z index

• 'Little Horny Man:' Oldest Rock Carving of Americas -- Discovery News (23 February 2012)
  
  
• Americas Settled 15,000 Years Ago, Study Says -- National Geographic News (13 March 2008)
  
  
• Americas Settled by Two Groups of Early Humans, Study Says -- National Geographic News (12 December 2005)
  
  
• Ancient Human Skeleton Removed from Mexican Cave -- Reuters (24 August 2010)
  
  
• Ancient Tools Unearthed in Siberian Arctic -- National Geographic News (14 January 2003)
  
  
• Arrival Set for First Americans -- Discoverchannel.com (01 August 2003)
  
  
• Bureau of Land Management--Archaeology
  
  
• Center for the Study of the First Americans
  
  
• Clovis First / Pre-Clovis Problem, Revisited 2004 -- Tony Baker (15 September 2004)
  
  
• Clovis Mammoth Hunters: Out With a Whimper or a Bang? -- ScienceDaily (12 April 2010)
  
  
• Clovis People Not First Americans, Study Shows -- National Geographic News (23 February 2007)
  
  
• Comet Impacts Triggered Ice Age Extinctions? -- National Geographic News (21 July 2009)
  
  
• Coastal Navigators: The First Americans May Have Come by Water -- Brad Lepper (reprinted from Discovering Archaeology, February 2000)
  
  
• "Coming to America" -- Alan Alda [from video below]
  
  
• Did First Americans Arrive By Land and Sea? -- National Geographic News (06 November 2003)
  
  
• Did First Americans Come from Europe?: Archaeologist suggests prehistoric hunters from Spain sailed west -- MSNBC (19 February 2006)
  
  
• DNA & the Peopling of Siberia -- The Field Book Project, Smthsonian National Museum of Natural History
  
  
• DNA Secrets: Cave's latrines yield new evidence about prehistoric North America -- Jeff Barnard THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Published: (04 December 2008)
  
  
• The Earliest Americans -- Friends of America's Past
  
  
• The Earliest Americans -- National Park Service, Archeology and Ethnology Program
  
  
• Earliest Americans took two paths -- Nature News (08 January 2009)
  
  
• Earliest Known American Settlers Harvested Seaweed -- National Geographic News (08 May 2008)
  
  
• Early Americans Arrived Thousands of Years Earlier Than Previously Believed -- ScienceDaily (21 March 2008)
  
  
• Exploring the Early Americas -- Jay I. Kislak Collection, Library of Congress
  
  
• First Americans Arrived Recently, Settled Pacific Coast, DNA Study Says -- National Geographic News (02 February 2007)
  
  
• First Americans Brought Anthrax? -- National Geographic News (23 March 2009)
  
  
• First Americans 'Reached Europe Five Centuries Before Columbus voyages' -- Telegraph (16 November 2010)
  
  
• Footprints of 'first Americans ' -- BBC News (05 July 2005)
  
  
• Fossil Feces Is Earliest Evidence of N. America Humans -- National Geographic (03 April 2008)
  
  
• Gene Study Supports Single Main Migration Across Bering Strait -- ScienceDaily (28 November 2007)
  
  
• How Did People Reach the Americas? -- US News (24 July 2008)
  
  
• Ice Age Climate Change Did Not Pose Significant Challenges to First Americans, Study Suggests -- ScienceDaily (12 April 2010)
  
  
• Kennewick Man -- Wikipedia
  
  
• Mammoths Doomed by Hunting, Climate: Study -- Discovery News (03 August 2009)
  
  
• The Mammoth Trumpet -- for the public and reports on all aspects of the peopling of the Americas
  
  
• Mexico: Ancient Woman [La Mujer de las Palmas] Suggests Diverse Migration -- MSNBC (23 July 2010)
  
  
• Monte Verde
  • Monte Verde Under Fire: The validity of the earliest site in the Americas is called into question (18 October 1999)
  • The Importance of Monte Verde -- Mark Rose, ARCHAEOLOGY (18 October 1999)
    
    
• Native American DNA Links to Six "Founding Mothers" -- National Geographic News (13 March 2008)
  
  
• New Land-Bridge Evidence Adds to Mystery of 1st Americans -- National Geographic News (17 October 2006)
  
  
• No Evidence for Clovis Comet Catastrophe, Archaeologists Say -- ScienceDaily (01 October 2010)
  
  
• North America's First Peoples More Genetically Diverse Than Thought, Mitochondrial Genome Analysis Reveals -- ScienceDaily (06 June 2010)
  
  
• Oldest American Artefact Unearthed -- Nature (05 November 2009)
  
  
• Oldest Skeleton in Americas Found in Underwater Cave? -- National Geographic News (03 September 2008)
  
  
• PaleoAmerican Origins -- Smithsonian Institution (1999)
  
  
• Peopling North America : population movements and migration -- Applied History Research Group / University of Calgary
  
  
• Prehistoric Hair Suggests 1st Eskimos Came From Asia -- National Geographic News (29 May 2008)
  
  
• Recently, Settled Pacific Coast, DNA Study Says -- National Geographic News (02 February 2007)
  
  
• Researcher traces roots of first Americans to Wisconsin -- Duluth News Tribune (11 September 2003)
  
  
• Retrace the trek of the first Americans -- Alan Boyle, MSNBC (16 February 1998)
  
  
• Scientist traces ancient "kelp highway": Ancient seafarers may have grazed their way from Asia to Americas -- MSNBC (19 February 2006)
  
  
• Seaweed Clears Up Ancient American Mystery -- MSNBC (08 May 2008)
  
  
• Sinkhole Holds 12,000-year-old Clues to Early Americans -- National Geographic (18 February 2009)
  
  
• Solutrean culture -- Database
  
  
• The Solutrean Solution: Did Some Ancient Americans Come from Europe? -- Albert C. Goodyear & Alan L. Schneider (reprinted from Discovering Archaeology, February 2000)
  
  
• BBC > Science & Nature > TV & Radio Follow-up > Horizon > Stone Age Columbus - programme summary
  
  
• BBC > Science & Nature > TV & Radio Follow-up > Horizon > Stone Age Columbus - questions and answers
  
  
• Study: Native Americans Can Trace DNA to 6 Women -- NPR (14 March 2008)
  
  
• Study Says Americas Settled 15,000 Years Ago -- HeraldNet/The Washington Post (31 July 2001)
  
  
• Testing Evolutionary and Dispersion Scenarios for the Settlement of the New World -- PLoS ONE (14 June 2010)
  
  
• Undersea Cave Yields One of Oldest Skeletons in Americas -- National Geographic News (14 September 2010)
  • Undersea Cave Yields Prehistoric Skeleton -- National Geographic News (17 September 2010)
    
    
• Underwater Exploration Seeks Evidence Of Early Americans -- ScienceDaily (09 July 2009)
  
  
• The Untold Saga of Early Man in America -- Time Magazine (07 March 2006)
  • Who Were The First Americans
  • Who Should Own the Bones?
  • A Tale Told By Ancient Bones
    
    
• Was the New World Settled Twice? -- Science (14 June 2010)
  
  
• Who Were The First Americans? -- National Geographic News (03 September 2003)
  
  
• Who Were the First Americans? -- tephen Fried, Parade (13 June 2010)
  
  
• Who Were The First Americans? -- Time (07 March 2006)
  
  
• Yukon Beringia Interpretive Centre -- explore the story the Bering land bridge at this Canadian site

top of page  A-Z index

• Videos
  
  
  • Last extinction -- NOVA (56 min., 2009, DVD 1842)
    
    
    • "Nova investigates a provocative new theory that suggests the extinction of more than 34 types of large prehistoric mega-creatures, such as the saber-toothed cat and woolly mammoth, was caused not by climate change or the arrival of the first human hunters, but by the massive breakup of a comet over the Great Lakes region at the end of the last Ice Age, some 12,900 years ago." -- WGBH/Nova website.
      
      
      • End of the Big Beasts
      • The Extinction Debate
      • Extraordinary Artifacts
      • Modeling a Comet Airburst
      • Stone Age Toolkit
      • Before Clovis
        
        
    • NOVA: Last Extinction -- The Scout Report (10 April 2009, Volume 15, Number 14)
      
      
      • What, some ask, was the "last extinction?" It's a fair query indeed, and it happens to be understood as the period approximately 13,000 years ago when large animals were killed off across the North American continent. The exact cause of this extinction remains unknown, but this engaging program offered as part of the long-running NOVA series on public television offers up one particularly interesting theory. On this site, visitors can watch a preview of the program, and then make their way through six interactive sections, including "The Extinction Debate" and "Stone Age Toolkit". In "The Extinction Debate" visitors will be introduced to the wide range of scientific theories that have been actively debated and discussed in regards to this extinction. Moving on, the "Stone Age Toolkit" allows users to play a lively matching game where they can learn about the role that ten different primitive artifacts played in the lives of humans thousands of years ago. The site is rounded out by a teacher's guide and a set of additional links and readings. [KMG]
        
        
  • Looking for One Beginning: The Fallacy of Diffusionism -- Films for the Humanities (50 min., 2000, DVD TBD)
    
    
  • Mystery of the First Americans (60 min., 2000, VC 3965)
      ~ includes Kennewick
      ~ NOVA companion web site
    
    
  • Scientific American Frontiers: "Coming to America" -- Alan Alda (60 min., 2004, DVD 145)
      ~ transcript
      ~ web resources
    
    
  • The Search for Ancient Americans (57 min., 1988, VC 1299)

13 March 2006