+++ WEB DESIGN UPDATE. - Volume 23, Issue 01, July 3, 2024. An email newsletter to distribute news and information about web design and development. ++ISSUE 01 CONTENTS. SECTION ONE: New references. What's new at the Web Design Reference site? https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/ New links in these categories: 01: ACCESSIBILITY. 02: CASCADING STYLE SHEETS. 03:EVALUATION & TESTING. 04: EVENTS. 05: HTML. 06: JAVASCRIPT. 07: MISCELLANEOUS. 08: NAVIGATION. 09: USABILITY. 10: WEBWASTE & SUSTAINABILITY. SECTION TWO: 11: What Can You Find at the Web Design Reference Site? [Contents ends.] ++ SECTION ONE: New references. +01: ACCESSIBILITY. A Brief Introduction to Keyboard Accessibility By Karl Groves. "…This blog post will explore the importance of keyboard usability, the principle of device independence, the impact of accessibility on various disabilities, and practical steps to improve keyboard accessibility on your website…" https://afixt.com/a-brief-introduction-to-keyboard-accessibility/ In Detail: 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast (User Interface Components) By Eric Eggert. "The Web Content Accessibility Guideline's (WCAG) Success Criterion 1.4.11 Non-Text Contrast is one of the harder to understand requirements. Here's a deep-dive into the details of it, including practical examples, concerning only its 'User Interface Components' section." https://yatil.net/blog/non-text-contrast-in-detail-ui-components Updated Resource: How People with Disabilities Use the Web By Shawn Lawton Henry. "How People with Disabilities Use the Web is updated with new user stories (personas) and new videos highlighting 'Accessibility: It's about people'…" https://www.w3.org/WAI/news/2024-06-24/people-use-web/ For Wide Review: Guidance on Applying WCAG 2 to Non-Web Information and Communications Technologies (WCAG2ICT) By Shawn Lawton Henry. "W3C WAI encourages you to review the updated Draft…We expect this document will impact future ICT standards worldwide. This is the planned last draft before we publish it as a W3C Group Note…" https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-wai-announce/2024JulSep/0000.html OZeWAI Ask the Professionals 4 June 2024 (Video) By Australian Web Accessibility Initiative (OZeWAI). "OZeWAI Co-chair Amanda Mace (GrackleDocs) moderates a panel featuring Lisa Seeman-Horwitz (facilitator of the Cognitive and Learning Disabilities Accessibility Task Force at W3C), Rose McAlister (Aquent) and Rosie Putland (Modality.co)." https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5WkFCQCnsg Why Is It So Difficult to Give Best in Class Accessibility Examples of Websites? By Bogdan Cerovac. "…it actually depends." https://cerovac.com/a11y/2024/06/why-is-it-so-difficult-to-give-best-in-class-accessibility-examples-of-websites/ 2024 State of ASR Report (PDF) By 3Play Media. "Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology has significantly improved over the years. Despite the developments, the question remains: Can ASR deliver accurate and accessible captions that revolutionize media accessibility…" https://go.3playmedia.com/hubfs/WP%20PDFs/The%202024%20State%20of%20Automatic%20Speech%20Recognition%20Report_Final_Remediated-1.pdf Alt Text Selfies Edited by Olivia Dreisinger, Bojana Coklyat, and Finnegan Shannon. "…an alt text selfie is any written self-portrait. This project takes a well-known practice-the selfie-and approaches it through a disability lens…" https://alttextselfies.net/ Justice Department Secures Agreements with Texas Counties to Ensure Election Website Accessibility for People with Disabilities By U.S. Department of Justice. "The Justice Department announced today that the Civil Rights Division and U.S. Attorneys' Offices for the Eastern, Northern, Southern and Western Districts of Texas secured settlement agreements with Colorado County, Runnels County, Smith County and Upton County to resolve the department's findings that the counties violated Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) by maintaining election websites that discriminate against individuals with vision or manual disabilities…" https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-secures-agreements-texas-counties-ensure-election-website-accessibility ADA Title II: Urgent Digital Accessibility Requirements for US State and Local Governments and Their Third-Party Vendors By Glenda Sims. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Title II now requires all state and local governments, along with their third-party contractors and software vendors, to comply with WCAG 2.1 A/AA standards. https://www.deque.com/blog/ada-title-ii-urgent-digital-accessibility-requirements-for-us-state-and-local-governments-and-their-third-party-vendors/ Legal Update: June 2024 By Ken Nakata. "…First, I think that DOJ's Title II regulation is relatively safe…That last clause may be the Achilles' heel of the new Title II web accessibility regulation…A clever attorney could argue that Congress never delegated authority to DOJ to create technical standards for websites because websites are neither 'facilities' nor 'vehicles.' When it adopted the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) for state and local government websites, DOJ was setting standards for something completely different. Because Congress didn't tell DOJ to issue standards beyond vehicles and facilities, its adoption of WCAG falls in a gap or ambiguity that Loper Bright covers-- and that a clever attorney could use that fact to have the regulation invalidated…" https://convergeaccessibility.com/2024/07/01/legal-update-june-2024/ Digital Accessibility and the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons With Disabilities - a Conference Review By David Sloan. "The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is the foundation of disability rights law, regulation and policy around the world, influencing the digital as well as physical environment…" https://www.tpgi.com/digital-accessibility-and-the-un-crpd-conference-review/ Two New Artificial Intelligence Laws and Their Effects on Accessibility By Thomas Logan and Ken Nakata. "For a while now, disability inclusion and accessibility professionals have expressed concerns about artificial intelligence bias against people with disabilities. Of course, this is on top of many people's concerns about AI's making up information and data collection privacy…" https://equalentry.com/accessibility-artificial-intelligence-laws/ +02: CASCADING STYLE SHEETS. Be Careful Using 'Grid' By Adrian Roselli. "…Be careful when using the word grid on its own. Be certain you have chosen the term that accurately describes the pattern you want…" https://adrianroselli.com/2024/07/be-careful-using-grid.html Web Design Engineering With the New CSS (Video) By Matthias Ott. Matthias' CSS Day presentation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=su6WA0kUUJE Inline Conditionals in CSS? By Lea Verou. "…the CSS WG resolved to add an inline if() to CSS. But what does that mean, and why is it exciting?…" https://lea.verou.me/blog/2024/css-conditionals/ Not Always Mobile First By Matthias Zöchling. "…In Mobile First, you start with the mobile styles and @media (min-width: …) your way up. In Basics First, you start with the mundane styles and hide the complex or fine-tuned stuff behind media queries…" https://cssence.com/2024/not-always-mobile-first/ +03: EVALUATION & TESTING. Seeing Is Believing: Using Video Evidence When Presenting Research to Stakeholders (Video) By Megan Chan. "Video evidence is a strong UX storytelling tool that helps you improve comprehension, build empathy, and overcome skepticism when communicating research findings to stakeholders." https://www.nngroup.com/videos/video-evidence/ How To Test Software For Usability And Usefulness When You Haven't Finished Writing The Code By Jan Dittrich. "…In this post I demonstrate four methods to get feedback from users without having to first write all the code…" https://superbloom.design/learning/blog/how-to-test-software-for-usability-and-usefulness-when-you-havent-finished-writing-the-code/ How to Analyze Click Test Metrics in Stand-Alone Studies By Jeff Sauro and Jim Lewis. "…Click testing is a specialized type of usability testing that can produce numerous metrics that can be classified as measures of effectiveness, efficiency, and perception/satisfaction. Start with your research question…" https://measuringu.com/how-to-analyze-click-test-data-standalone/ 15 User Research Methods to Know Beyond Usability Testing (Video) By Samhita Tankala. "Explore 15 user research methods beyond usability testing. We describe 5 scenarios where these methods offer a broad spectrum of insights for a better understanding of users." https://www.nngroup.com/videos/15-user-research-methods-beyond-usability-testing/ Net Promoter Score: What a Customer-Relations Metric Can Tell You About Your User Experience By Therese Fessende. "NPS is a loyalty metric that correlates well with perception of usability, is easy to understand and administer, but has limitations for understanding and evaluating UX when used in isolation." https://www.nngroup.com/articles/nps-ux/ 9 Challenging Participant Types By Syed Balkhi. "…Keep an eye out for these nine challenging participant types and remember how to handle them, and you'll see much better results from your next testing session…" https://www.loop11.com/9-challenging-participant-types/ Are Opt-In Online Panels Too Inaccurate? By Jeff Sauro and Jim Lewis. "…Bottom line: Opt-in panels are accurate enough for most UX research." https://measuringu.com/are-opt-in-online-panels-too-inaccurate/ +04: EVENTS. State of Web Accessibility: 30 Years Later, How Accessible is the Internet? July 9, 2024. Online https://www.tpgi.com/webinar-june-9-at-12pm-et-state-of-web-accessibility/ ALT Text As Poetry July 14, 2024. New York, New York, U.S.A. https://whitney.org/events/alt-text-as-poetry Mobile Accessibility Tools: Camera Switches and More July 16, 2024. Online and New York, New York, U.S.A. https://www.meetup.com/a11ynyc/events/301603940/ Livestream: https://www.youtube.com/live/y5tR1J81_4M Drupal Camp Ottawa 2024 August 2, 2024. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada https://drupalcampottawa.com/ Web Accessibility in Mind Conference August 27-28, 2024. Online https://conference.webaim.org/ +05: HTML. Know the 'search' Element By Jens Oliver Meiert. "You know that at the moment, there are 112 elements in HTML (not counting math, svg, and custom elements, which is important to note). Do you know element #112, i.e., the latest member of the HTML elements family?…" https://meiert.com/en/blog/know-the-search-element/ +06: JAVASCRIPT. Can You Build a Modern Web App With Just Vanilla Web Components in 2024? By Chris Ferdinandi. "Yep…" https://gomakethings.com/can-you-build-a-modern-web-app-with-just-vanilla-web-components-in-2024/ Removing React Dramatically Improves Performance: A Case Study By Chris Ferdinandi. "The New Stack just published an article about a web app called Mindsapp…" https://gomakethings.com/removing-react-dramatically-improves-performance-a-case-study/ +07: MISCELLANEOUS. Web Without Women By Selman Design. "A collection of innovations by women in the fields of computer science and technology…" https://nowebwithoutwomen.com/ Consent, LLM Scrapers, and Poisoning the Well By Eric W. Bailey. "I remember feeling numb learning that my writing had been sucked up by OpenAI. It came out of nowhere and was done without my permission or consent. The issue for me now is what I can do about it…" https://ericwbailey.website/published/consent-llm-scrapers-and-poisoning-the-well/ ChatGPT is Biased Against Resumes With Credentials That Imply a Disability - But It Can Improve By Stefan Milne. "UW researchers found that ChatGPT consistently ranked resumes with disability-related honors and credentials - such as the 'Tom Wilson Disability Leadership Award' - lower than the same resumes without those honors and credentials. But when researchers customized the tool with written instructions directing it not to be ableist, the tool reduced this bias for all but one of the disabilities tested…" https://www.washington.edu/news/2024/06/21/chatgpt-ai-bias-ableism-disability-resume-cv/ +08: NAVIGATION. What Is Faceted Navigation? By Nomensa. "…Faceted navigation is an excellent choice to filter large quantities of data in a manageable way. However, there are complexities and, if poorly implemented, it can cause more trouble than it saves…" https://www.nomensa.com/blog/what-faceted-navigation/ Should I Remove This Blog From Google Search? By Nicolas Magand. "Recently, in the light of all the A.I. crap, I have been contemplating whether I should delist my website from all search engines, including Google." https://thejollyteapot.com/2024/06/23/should-i-remove-this-blog-from-google-search Filters By Jeremy Keith. "…There was life before Google search. There will be life after Google search…" https://adactio.com/journal/21241 +09: USABILITY. Breaking Barriers: What Does Accessibility Have to Do With Exceptional Customer Experience? (Video) By Jane Davison, John Mumma, and Susan Ramlet. "This panel tackled pressing questions about the intersection of accessibility (a11y) and customer experience (CX)…" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B0XOhNdTfIA Transcript (PDF): https://mn.gov/mnit/assets/Accessibility%20and%20an%20Exceptional%20Customer%20Experience_tcm38-626967.pdf Human-Centered Design and Accessibility (Video) By Becky Bernauer, Claire Gahler, and Jay Wyant. "In celebration of Global Accessibility Awareness Day (GAAD) 2024, MNIT hosted a panel conversation exploring the relationship between Human-Centered Design and Accessibility…" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BtmUga1U9m0 Transcript (PDF): https://mn.gov/mnit/assets/Human-Centered%20Design%20and%20Accessibility%20Panel_tcm38-626957.pdf Checkboxes: Design Guidelines By Maddie Brown. "Checkboxes allow users to select one, some, or none of items from a list. They can be used standalone, in checkbox lists, or nested checkbox lists." https://www.nngroup.com/articles/checkboxes-design-guidelines/ Why Toggle Switches Suck (And What to Do Instead) By Adam Silver. "A couple of weeks ago I appeared as a guest on the Complimentary podcast hosted by Katie Langerman and Anthony Hobday…" https://adamsilver.io/blog/why-toggle-switches-suck-and-what-to-do-instead/ Breakpoints in Responsive Design: What and Why (Video) By Kelley Gordon. "Breakpoints determine when a webpage may adjust to different layouts. They help designers (and developers) maintain layout consistency across multiple screen sizes, orientations, and devices." https://www.nngroup.com/videos/breakpoints/ How to Increase the Visibility of Error Messages By Tim Neusesser. "Error messages can be a crucial point in the user experience. To be effective, they must be clearly visible, which can be accomplished by displaying them close to the error's source, using noticeable, redundant, and accessible indicators, designing them based on their impact, and avoiding displaying them prematurely." https://www.nngroup.com/videos/error-message-visibility/ How To Improve Your Microcopy: UX Writing Tips For Non-UX Writers By Irina Silyanova. " In this article, you'll find simple, practical tips and a checklist to help you create a clear and concise microcopy, ensuring a seamless user experience." https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2024/06/how-improve-microcopy-ux-writing-tips-non-ux-writers/ So Your Website Or App Is Live… Now What? By Paul Boag. "The biggest mistake you can make in UX design is to launch a website or app and then walk away. Monitoring and improving after launch will benefit users and your metrics. Nothing will bring bigger gains." https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2024/06/website-improvement-after-launch/ +10: WEBWASTE & SUSTAINABILITY. Making a Positive Change: PDF to HTML By Samantha Merrett, Chris Comber, Stephanie Hill, and William Rees. "…Perhaps the most surprising outcome from the panel was about Carbon Dioxide emission in relation to the use of PDF as a communication medium…" https://accessibility.blog.gov.uk/2023/06/12/making-a-positive-change-pdf-to-html/ Understanding the Latest Sustainable Web Design Model Update By Fershad Irani. "…In this post, we cover why and how these changes have been made by the SWDM team, how that affects the estimation results when using the updated methodology, and how we plan to implement these changes for use in our open-source CO2.js library…" https://www.thegreenwebfoundation.org/news/understanding-the-latest-sustainable-web-design-model-update/ How to Conduct a Website Carbon Audit Using Screaming Frog SEO By Ben Meyer. "So! You've been reading up on digital sustainability and now you want to know just how much Co2 your website emits. But you've run into a problem…" https://benmeyer.digital/posts/how-to-conduct-a-website-carbon-audit-using-screaming-frog-seo/ [Section one ends.] ++ SECTION TWO: +11: What Can You Find at the Web Design Reference Site? Accessibility Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/accessibility.html Association Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/associations.html Book Listings. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/books.html Cascading Style Sheets Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/css.html Color Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/color.html Drupal Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/drupal.html Evaluation & Testing Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/testing.html Event Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/events.html HTML Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/html.html Information Architecture Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/architecture.html JavaScript Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/javascript.html Miscellaneous Web Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/misc.html Navigation Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/navigation.html PHP Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/php.html Sites & Blogs Listing. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/sites.html Standards, Guidelines & Pattern Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/standards.html Tool Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/tools.html Typography Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/type.html Usability Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/usability.html WebWaste & Sustainability Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/webwaste.html XML Information. https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/xml.html [Section two ends.] ++END NOTES. + SUBSCRIPTION INFO. WEB DESIGN UPDATE is available by subscription. For information on how to subscribe and unsubscribe please visit: https://www.d.umn.edu/itss/training/online/webdesign/webdev_listserv.html The Web Design Reference Site also has a RSS 2.0 feed for site updates. + TEXT EMAIL NEWSLETTER (TEN). As a navigation aid for screen readers we do our best to conform to the accessible Text Email Newsletter (TEN) guidelines. Please let me know if there is anything else we can do to make navigation easier. For TEN guideline information please visit: http://www.headstar.com/ten + SIGN OFF. Until next time, Laura L. Carlson Information Technology Systems and Services University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth, MN U.S.A. 55812-3009 mailto:lcarlson@d.umn.edu [Issue ends.]